30 seconds. In New Mexico, the encomienda system granted elite Spanish settlers far greater rights in the labor of Pueblo villagers, but the Pueblos retained crucial legal rights. During the Protestant Reformation, the Pope's authority was politically challenged. Labor systems. most commonly known as slavery. His voyages across the Atlantic Ocean led to general European awareness of the American continents, agreement which divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Spain and Portugal, Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire, Aztech emperor who ruled during the beginning of the Spanish invasion, Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan Empire. Labor given annually to the state (or political and religious elites) for the construction and maintenance of roads, bridges, temples . The alliance between European indentured servants and enslaved Africans during the rebellion disturbed the ruling class, who subsequently passed laws to harden Virginia's racial caste system dividing free and indentured whites from enslaved blacks. What were some similar social and gender changes in countries? Pugachvs rebellion was a result of serfdom. role/purpose Required: 1. By the 18th century, the Spanish, Dutch, French, and English had plantation economies in their American colonies. Together, they defeated the Portuguese in 1647, but the Dutch retreat from central Africa a year leaving the region vulnerable. Native Americans did not have biological immunity to the common diseases brought by Europeans like smallpox and typhoid. Cross), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever). 1 / 25. 5. Mining gold and silver was a primary motive for early Spanish explorations in Mexico and South America. In the period 900 to 1500 C.E., the Ottomans and the Aztecs were similar in that both peoples were. Coercive Labor Systems - slavery vs. other coercive labor system. first evidence for Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period from 1450 to 1750. second evidence for Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period from 1450 to 1750. Prepare an amortization schedule for the four-year term of the lease. Labor systems. Music was a key factor for survival in many slave communities. The last stand against colonization was led by Metacom, also known as his colonial name King Phillip. Create three research questions that would be appropriate for a historical analysis essay, keeping in mind the characteristics of a critical r, Conversation Concept Lab Transcript Shadow Health. Student exploration Graphing Skills SE Key Gizmos Explore Learning. People will always find a way to challenge state power, especially when survival is at stake. . As monarch power grew, the people pushed for democracy values. state/empire In the Americas, the Spanish established the e, Meanwhile, the silver trade was insanely profitable for the Spanish and the mines at. 1 / 25. system? Spanish estates in the Americas that were often plantations. Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com.Click to see the original works with their full license. The labor systems established during 1450-1750 were key factors in how they were able to do so. What were the causes and impacts of the Columbian Exchange? Spanish and Portuguese Empires. Continuity and Change from 1450 to 1750. Monty Frost's tax-deferred retirement account is invested entirely in equity securities. Peoples of the Russian empire who lived outside farming villages, often as outlaws. Europeans introduced new systems of forced labor and slavery into the Americas to meet their labor needs and produce as cheaply as possible. rebellion Name:__________________________________________ Date:__________ Period:_______. This debt prevented them from ever leaving and reduced the indebted farmers to positions not much different from enslaved peoples. The Spanish, Portuguese, French, English, and Dutch had to find another route in order to remain competitive, so they invested in exploration. Most kidnapped slaves were men, which left a gender imbalance in favor of women, especially in Ghana and Benin. community-driven projects like extensive They could not be relocated to more profitable worksites nor bought or sold in the market. The Maya thrived in the rainforest of the Yucatan peninsula. Before 1450, Europeans did not play a prominent role on the global stage, but after 1450, Europeans were the main puppeteers of the global economy. The changes in economic policy and increased trade led to innovations in finances, business, and banking. 2. The Church lost power as it was challenged. The Spanish also established a fort at St. Augustine in present-day Florida. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like THESIS for Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period from 1450 to 1750., first evidence for Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period from 1450 to 1750., second evidence for Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period from 1450 to 1750. and more. 1. prepositional phrase Pre-1750 European conquerors and empire builders: The Portuguese. In present-day New Mexico, the entire Pueblo community rebelled against the Spanish for 10 days in 1680. Who rose to become apart of the gunpowder empires? Labor systems grew and changed in response to the demand for labor and goods. The development of khanates in Central Asia. The Encomienda system was prohibited. trades of slaves and other goods between africa, England, europe, the west Indies, and the new world, most glorious Ottoman emperor (ruled 1520-1566), young Christian boys who became bureaucratic slaves to the sultan (Janissaries), head of the imperial Ottoman bureaucracy; took care of day-to-day work, descendant of Timur and Gengis Khan; founded the Mughal Empire, descendants of the Timurids who began in 1526, invaded and ruled most of India by the late 17th and early 18th centuries. The economy leaned more towards capitalism. in debt to continue working on a piece of As serfs, they were completely tied to the land and sold when the land sold. Unit: 1450 - 1750 Renaissance and Reformation. The population was increasing and this led to more demand for resources. By 1450, Europeans were set on finding a faster route to Asia. labor system appearing in 1620, Labor Systems Graphic Organizer 1450-1750, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, This was the labor system imposed upon the, development by the Europeans, this system is, process of building European colonies in the, to slavery except for the slaves (more or less, peasants of Russia) were sold with the land, (peasants) to eventually buy land and gain, rights just as a free citizen would have such, Following Union victory in May 1685, along with, with the Emancipation Manifesto (March 3rd, [February 19th, Old Style], 1861) which was, This was designed to keep people that were, in debt to continue working on a piece of, these people became overtly rich with the, Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Give Me Liberty! sailed around the southernmost tip of Africa in 1488, the first European known to have done so. the ratification of the 13th Amendment, Chattel Define the The Atlantic Slave Trade was expanded to supply labor throughout the colonies. After her death, the Portuguese gained control of the region until well 1975. This kept more money in the bank at any given time. Mining operations:Europeans also sought mineral wealth in the Americas. In order to resist the Portuguese. Following the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire in the 15th century, the Potosi mine in modern Bolivia became one of the worlds largest single sources of silver. Latisha has put a password in place that allows only the boss access to the file where pay rates are changed and personnel are added or deleted from the payroll. That status was finally ended in 1827 and all the indentured obtained full freedom. However in 1675, Metacom mounted one last effort to drive the British off the Native land. Became emblematic of the loyalty, sacrifice, persistence, and honor that all good people should preserve in Japan, powerful daimyo of Edo (modern-day Tokyo), named himself shogun in 1603, initiating the most powerful and long-lasting of all Japanese shogunates. The work agreements were often signed willingly by people who wanted to go to the Americas but could not afford the journey. They connected the economy of the Americas with the economies of Afro-Eurasia through new trade routes across the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The Atlantic System c. The Middle Passage d. The Sea Road AP WORLD HISTORY ULTIMATE REVIEW PACKET UNIT 4 (1450-1750) Mexico and Peru. The Columbian Exchange b. Europeans had far less impact on the economic systems in Asia. The, Newtons Laws of Gravitation, Astronomical Charts, Better mapmaking, Astrolabe, Lateen sail, Compass, New ships (caravel, carrack, fluyt), Established Spanish links to Americas and Asia, Harvested cash crops, worked plantations, maintained homes. The employee responsible for cash disbursements reconciles the bank account monthly, The use of force and intimidation to gain compliance from someone, The group of societies in the Atlantic that relied on mono culture and slave labor, the economic and political order centering on slave plantations in New world, Brazilian Sugar Mill; system of sugar prodction which included the land, labor and capital. The Portuguese led the way to Sub-Saharan Africa and present-day China, India, Indonesia, but their first to market advantage didnt last long. For example, the Kongo was in decline. It started in the 11 th century and peaked between the 15 th and 18 th centuries. In the Inca Empire, the government required citizens to provide labor to the state each year (mita). AbdielMendez. after they realized they were being exploited. Although the population of Africa ultimately increased because of increased food resources, in some regions the population declined as slaves were kidnapped. Learn. What happened to the Silk Road in Ming and Qin Dynasties? Portuguese prince who was responsible for the early development of European exploration and maritime trade with other continents, Portuguese ship that was small but strong. Ultimately, the exchange of new food staples increased the population of Africa, but in parts of West Africa, the population suffered as people were taken. peasants of Russia) were sold with the land Recommend what the business should do to ensure adherence to principles of internal control. China was also set on isolating itself from foreign affairs. . As states expanded power, they were consistently met with resistance and rebellion. As a result many Incans movd away to Include the The cortes of Spain finally abolished the mita in 1812, but it survived at least into the nineteenth century. The demand for exploration led to new technological innovations. reduce the abuses of forced labor. Many tribes participated, although some sided with the English. ShoeCrafter,Inc. AverageHiringCost,PerHire,ByCategory\textbf{Average Hiring Cost, Per Hire, By Category} European chattel slavery stripped enslaved people in the Americas of all rights and viewed them no differently than chattel (a personal possession). Unit 3 - 600 . How did Ottoman expansion change the empire's social structure? to which they were attached. Rise of a global trade network. European introduced labor systems included various types of. associat Social classes in the Americas were based on race, which is a pivotal difference from the rest of the world. The labor systems established during 1450-1750 were key factors in how they were able to do so. Historical Development 1 Despite some disruption and restructuring due to the arrival of Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch merchants, existing trade networks in the Indian Ocean continued to flourish and included intra-Asian trade and Asian merchants. Serfdom had become the great moral and political issue for the government by the 1840's, but is still might have lasted many more years if it wasn't for the Crimean War (1853-1856). What were the challenges to state power and expansion? Because of this, economic development in Africa was stalled for centuries and these regions were left vulnerable to the imperial conquest of Europeans. The Labor System was ran by 12the Underline the word in parentheses that correctly completes the meaning of each sentence below. Barton and Bartons implicit interest rate was is 10%. Indigenous communities were originally enslaved, but they were not a viable long term plan for free/cheap labor. . Disease wiped out most of the population and many that were left were able to escape because of superior knowledge of the land. Jamaica had a growing slave population throughout this time period. Between 1450 and 1750, the Americas began to mark their place in the world, proving they were just as relevant as Europe, Africa, or Asia. an Italian Jesuit priest, and one of the founding figures of the Jesuit China Mission, as it existed in the 17th-18th centuries. This is the period in Africa where European contact starts. King's actually gained power as government became more centralized. Spain, Portugal, and the creation of a global economy (Opens a modal) Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment. Cash crop agriculture: Europeans first produced cash crops on large commercial plantations on the islands (Canary, Cape Verde, and the Azores) of the Western African coast in the 15th century. Was there a faster route going west? contradict the hypothesis that 2\sigma^22 = 50? Spanish and it rewarded conquerors with The technique of enhancing immunity by exposing patients to dried mucous taken from those already infected. During the time period between 1450 and 1750 C.E., the two hemispheres were linked and for the first time in world history, long-distance trade became truly worldwide. issued by Alexander II. general New major trade network (Atlantic) Increase in the importance of trade-based wealth vs. land- based wealth. This was designed to keep people that were The Russian Serfdom was a system similar Many farmers were in a consistent state of debt to the hacienda owner. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Coercion, Plantation zone, Plantation Complex and more. AP World Labor systems 1450-1750 w. Flashcards. Towns were replenished following the Bubonic Plague as Europeans got into mercantilism. 2023 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved. Assume that Chapman Company acquired Abernethys common stock for $490,000 in cash. Between 1680-1707, the Maratha rebellion continued until they killed the Mughal leader Aurangzeb. Encomienda and hacienda were quasi (partially) feudal systems imposed by the Spanish on indigenous peoples in the Caribbean and other Spanish-conquered lands in the Americas and the Philippines. American Food Services, Inc., leased a packaging machine from Barton and Barton Corporation. Once contact with the Americas was open, the Spanish, French, English, and Dutch increasingly invested in the explorations. The Cossacks under Yemelyan Pugachev rebelled against, South Asia, which includes modern-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, has a majority population of Hindus and a strong minority of Muslims. The spread of Islam into East Asia. Often a member of a community of runaway slaves in the West Indies and South America. Increased trade between Africa and Asia. There were two main joint-stock companies. The original purpose was to speed up the Because of internal conflict and lack of food, the Maya empire . As Spanish slave owners fled, many slaves escaped and formed settlements called, The revolt in Virginia failed and had serious consequences. A labor system set up by the Spanish government where Spanish colonists could work the native Americans on their land while compensating them and agreeing to educate some of them and teach them about Christianity. Explain the continuities and changes in economic systems and labor systems from 1450 to 1750. New World settlers of European descent born in the New World, people of European and African descent ancestry, middle-level status between Europeans and pure minorities (made up of mezitos and mulattoes), king's representatives in the New World who were given much leeway their ability to rule in the name of Spain or Portugal, system which gave encomenderos, or Spanish settlers, the right to force natives to work, system of forced labor in Peru, used as a basis by the Europeans to create a new forced labor system on the natives, practice of Europeans to essentially sell years of their freedom in exchange for passage to the New World, the dramatic widespread exchange of the animals, plants, culture and human populations (including slaves), communicable diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres (Old World to New World), clockwise network of sea routes between Africa, America, and Europe, the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of people from Africa were taken to the New World, as part of the Atlantic slave trade. This system was developed to allow serfs slavery was officially and effectively ended in there Their first significant cash crop was sugar cane, which they learned to grow from contact with Muslims in the Mediterranean region during the Crusades. Relying on overland trade was too slow and you couldnt bring all that many goods with you on a camels back. Browse the PBS collection Africans in America: Part 1 to see information and primary sources for the period 1450 through 1750. . Relative to the total population. Decline in the power of nomadic groups. European conquest resulted in new economic systems and production methods in the Americas that produced products for commercial exchange through regional and international trade. Different treatment for different children also must be taken into account when considering how a person's gender helps to determine personality. What were the motivations and consequences of exploration? Land-based empires were more dominant politically and land-based trade was focused on land-based empires. Europeans would have to wait a few centuries for access to China. profits of their land. Over time, the Portuguese became more exploitative to expand their powers. Anita had (*spend*) a long evening baby-sitting the active two-year-old. Monopoly control allowed him to control the prices Europeans had to pay. 3. The owners of these lands turned them into large estates called haciendas for economic production. It caused the social structure to change as well as more and more people lost faith in the Church. katiekins93. During that time, however, the market in Country XYZ has outperformed all other markets, even our own. Emergence of Europe as a world economic power. system of forced labor in Peru, used as a basis by the Europeans to create a new forced labor . Adam Smith . Asian merchants continued to trade most goods across Asian maritime networks. Throughout East Asia, the development of Neo-Confucianism solidified a cultural identity. Gunpowder would have violent consequences in the decades to come. The system is active all week and backed up every Friday night. In the end his voyage was the first to circumnavigate the world. Well skip *(desert, $\underline{{dessert}}$)* so we wont be late to the movie. Frost's investment adviser has recommended an increased international equity exposure. role/pur. Their population numbers also rapidly decreased with the spread of diseases introduced into the Americas by Europeans. It fell due to inflation, cost of Janissaries, and too much tax. 2. infinitive phrase. #traderace. Their white skin gave them privileged positions over native and African peoples. Both allowed social elites to control nearly all the economic resources and labor of individuals who lived on their lands or assigned regions. A slave who ran away from his or her master. Indicate the behavioral finance concept that Frost most directly exhibits in each of his three comments. Sea-based empires usually had a strong navy and controlled oceanic trade. Growing dissent among oppressed and poor populations pushed European states to invest in exploration and trade. Asians Continued to be the dominant economic force in the Indian Ocean region. There were more military successes. In West Africa, European merchants and missionaries reached inland to the Kongo and Benin. It was ruled by Charles V but consisted mostly of German peoples and was continually being pulled apart until the 30 Years War brought much of it to an end, Deborah Gray White, Edward L. Ayers, Jess F. de la Teja, Robert D. Schulzinger, World History and Geography: Modern Times. Technological improvements in shipbuilding and gunpowder weapons allowed European empires to form and exercise a more . What happened to the Roman Catholic Church during the Protestant Reformation? Flashcards. Safavid Empire was falling apart and the Ottoman Empire declined due to economic factors. One employee places purchase orders and pays vendors. 1450-1750 Early Modern Period. Besides his six marriages, Henry VIII is known for his role in the separation of the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church, English Queen who ruled for 44 years and provided welcome stability for the kingdom and helped forge a sense of national identity, By the 1500's this was more of a union of territories. They were called Cossacks. Spanish and Portuguese influence spread across politics, economics, and society in the Americas. In North America, the Spanish had control of the southwest regions, central America, and Florida. The Scientific Revolution, The Protestant Reformation, The Enlightenment all changed Europe. Enslaved Africans were reduced to nothing more than a product to be bought, sold, and treated no better than animals. Explain the continuities and changes in economic systems and labor systems from 1450 to 1750. Although the world's productive systems continued to be heavily centered on agricultural production throughout this period, major changes occurred in agricultural labor, the systems and locations of manufacturing, gender and social structures, and environmental processes. Write AAA over the verb if the verb is in the active voice and PPP if it is in the passive voice. Question 2. This is also known as the. Slaves were captured, transported to holding pens (Points of No Return), and then crammed on ships for the. The owner of Super Pharmacy uses a check software/printer to prepare checks, making it difficult for anyone to alter the amount of a check. Russia 1450-1750Western civilization changed significantly between 1450 and 1750. Spanish and Portuguese Empires. The state with the most access to trade could be the most powerful. Below are the 43 people to know for the EARLY MODERN PERIOD (1450-1750). Attachment. European women had more freedom while Muslim women were held housebound, but could participate in business and court. Flashcards. The Inca empire, then the Spanish Empire America Mexico, It was abolished in 1812 240 years after it Meanwhile, the population of forced laborers increased, further expanding the wealth gap. However, the Americas suffered massive depopulation because of the spread of disease. The slave trade and the use trade such as the triangular trade were very common during this time-period due to the rise in plantations, causing a diverse region in South America. A sample of size n = 15 has variance s2s^2s2 = 35. Free peasants affected by heavy debts often lost their land and were forced into serfdom. By this contract, a four-year-old girl became a servant in Quebec in 1703. World War II. Essential Question: In what ways did expansion of trade networks create change in both economic and labor systems around the globe from 1450 to 1750? Possible Answers: 52 terms. the ownership of human beings as property, AP World History Unit 4 Labor Systems 1450-17, AP World History Unit 5 (5.1 & 5.2) : Revolut, AverageHiringCost,PerHire,ByCategory, Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, anatomy and physiology chapter 4 module 2, QQ Ischemic Heart Disease and Endocarditis. While these colonies initially grew on Native American labor . In 1685, the Catholic King James II ascended to the throne and began enacting anti-Protestant policies. Indigenous people divided up among Spanish settlers to be Christianized and forced to provide labor for mines and plantations, food production, and textiles. Europeans were primarily motivated by money, religion, rivalry, and conquest. If you controlled one of these territories, you were legally allowed to force indigenous people to pay taxes, work for you, or provide other goods or services. avoid the system. Escaped serfs began to organize as free peasants, especially in the steppes. Newly developed colonial economies in the Americas largely depended on agriculture, utilized existing labor systems, including the Incan mita, and introduced new labor systems including chattel slavery, indentured servitude, and encomienda and hacienda systems. rounded up and shipped off to America and Key Takeaways AP World History Period 2 (1450-1750) The Americas became part of the global trade network, spurred by the Columbian Exchange. He oversaw the greatest expansion of the Qing Empire. In what ways did Europe's interest in trade affect the population? Labor/Economic System. If I do increase my international equity exposure, I would prefer that the entire exposure consist of securities from Country XYZ. Spanish settlers in the Caribbean set up the encomienda system, a form of forced labor, in which Spaniards demanded labor from conquered Native inhabitants. They gave lower class white workers. While Russia remained an agricultural society, the West became very commercially active and developed a strong manufacturing base. Finally, Europeans built massive military strength because of trade profits and access to new weapons. Chattel slavery: Societies throughout history have used slave labor. In order to prevent white and black oppressed groups from conspiring, the Virginia government wielded racist policies to drive a wedge. These new scientific discoveries and navigation undoubtedly opened up new trade networks across the Atlantic and Pacific, which also led to mass migrations of people (forced and voluntary). Terms in this set (81) . Haciendas: The Spanish often took direct control of the most productive lands from the natives and gave them to Spanish elites and noblemen. Absolute legal ownership of another person, including the right to buy or sell that person; the form of slavery utilized in the Americas during the trans-Atlantic slave trade. The Dutch. 1 / 6. Some African rulers were complicit in the slave trade. Sailed for Spain and tried to complete Columbus' westward route. A contract 2 individuals sign in which one Those who could not pay their debts in Europe were often forced into servitude in the Americas to pay back what they owed. The movement of goods and people had regional consequences. Match. This is a constant in world history. The Dutch were high rollers in this time and played a main role in finance. the verb in parentheses. His defeat of the Inca epitomizes the advantages which the Europeans had over the Amerindians, The last Incan Emperor before the Spanish conquered the Inca, reform movement led by Martin Luther, John Calvin, and others that divided Christianity, German priest and professor who started the Protestant Reformation through his 95 Theses, List of criticisms with the Catholic Church that started the Protestant Reformation, Created a branch of Christianity that centered around the idea of predestination, period of Catholic revival beginning with the Council of Trent in response to the Protestant Reformation, group of people that participated in the Catholic Reformation that brought some people back to the Catholic Church, granted tolerance to the Protestants in France in 1598, war between Protestants and Catholics in Germany (broke out in 1618), Civil War in England that resulted in the King of England losing much of his power, new vision of science (developed during 17th and 18th centuries); relied on reason, Polish astronomer who developed a heliocentric theory of the Solar System, Italian astronomer who improved the telescope and supported Copenicus' views on the Solar System, described basic principles of motion and gravity, doctrine that a monarch derives his or her power directly from God, The king of France from 1643-1715. Then rewrite each active voice sentence in the passive voice and each passive voice sentence in the active voice. 3. Match. With over 1500 different dialects, most slaves did not share a common language, which meant that native tongues were lost over time. In AP World History: Modern, Unit 4 spans from 1450 CE to 1750 CE and accounts for 12-15% of the material on the exam. . While there were some enslaved workers, hacienda owners paid most workers poverty wages. Include As a result, Europeans turned to the African slave tradethe first enslaved Africans arrived in the Americas in the 16th century.

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