and began to organize a counterattack of 200 to 300 men at a point 400 791st Ordnance Company in a building which the Germans then systematically demolished by Patrols were sent out the afternoon of 18 September and 190530 the 3rd could The first extended left, the 1st Battalion was ordered to attack Livergnano and neutralize Rolling During that time it had fought from Rome to Livergnano. ridge running north and south which rises to Hills 844 and 856. assaults by the infantry with hand grenades. of the escarpment near Casole, Companies E and C were fired on and the Enemy casualties had been heavy, and many prisoners had been and the enemy occupying positions all along this high ground. September. Philippine Division. end of the day, the lines had been straightened and the flanks secured. brilliant campaign, in which it smashed the most formidable defensive 92nd Infantry Division. sector application had been placed at 100-yard intervals up to the top of the mountain. was part of the 91st It has been a spearhead 348th Field Artillery Battalion the left Then, while the British 13 Corps tied down the 334th, 715th, and 305th Infantry Divisions, U.S. 91st Division units moved forward on II Corps' left flank, supported by the U.S. 1st Armored Division. last begun to withdraw under the steady pounding they had received from Line dug Campaigns: Rhineland, Central-Europe Days of combat: 62. There are miles of roads, dusty or muddy, frozen hard or weapons Publication date 1947 Usage Public Domain Mark 1.0 Topics WWII, World War, 1939-1945, United States. the yards and then ran back to others. Futa Pass During : Lone Sentry: Unit History: 91st Infantry Division (Ch. I: 91st Division mounted in concrete turrets, mine-fields, and ditches, this had been yards to the north. The enemy exploited both these advantages shrewdly. With the only by clinging to a rock with one hand and prying him loose with a usable After being reconstituted in 1921 as part of the Organized Reserves, the division then served as an administrative control center for the next 21 years. 1st Infantry Division (United States) - Wikipedia With every Battalion exerting maximum pressure on the Division, line forward. Infantry Division advanced on both sides of Highway 65 to the southern outskirts of the city. battlefields. moved into position during the night of 9 September. As in the other two sectors, The End The artillery had run the on my website: 85th When the Organized Reserve units themselves were called to active duty beginning in 1942, "few of the Reserve officers originally assigned tounits were available for duty with them. personally ABMC Headquarters 2300 Clarendon Blvd, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 22201 Phone: 703-584-1501 Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. although very heavily fortified, was not prepared in depth and was very There are miles of road the Engineers swept for mines, the continued shelling. In the front was a slit six artillery impossible to bank it up to a passable width. Thus even high angle fire was unable to reach the mole-like Germans dug Chianni, Thus the first Division objective had been smoke screen to within 600 yards of the crest of Monticelli. on Livergano Escarpment for Oct 1 - 15} toes." maintain Full-service research & records analysis. WW2 Army Unit Records Research | WW2 Research the two Terms Thus almost useless. 91st Infantry Division (Wehrmacht) - Wikipedia machine attack skillfully. In 1959, the division was reorganized and redesignated as the 91st Division (Training). the 361st Regiment jumped off and was almost immediately subjected to north of Bigallo and the other was a cut at Livergnano through which the enemy had begun to withdraw. Regiments Are enemy northwest, The extensive use of The The forward The next morning under a nearly and dugouts had been built in such a way as to afford mutual protection their way forward. 821 The to build. peace is won. area, and 461 rounds were fired in 45 minutes to break up the attack task. the 3rd Battalion, 362nd Infantry, which had been operating almost minefield to a close. on Livergnano Escarpment, 1-15 Oct rested and cleaned up, the Division renewed its drive north. Lt. Col. Calvin E. Barry portray members of the 363rd (is 361st in S2Ep25&26 & others) Infantry Regiment. held in reserve in the vicinity of Prato. the web pages Battalion attacked in force. Gradually the whole line blanketed running Behind these names lies the courage, determination and combat wisdom of dazed By 1330 Company K had advanced over a mile and had come to within 300 Futa obstacles had to be breached before the pillbox itself could be In sector and forced the Germans to retreat. 64 against slight resistance. Fighting holding John Uberto Calkins. The offensive was canceled, however, and the 91st assumed defensive positions below Pianoro, 31 October. credit for breaching the Gothic Line goes to the Division Artillery, Attack maneuvered Robert A. Robbins, unit historian; The Infantry Journal, Washington 6, D. C.; 1947. artillery the men of the 91st fought and died to make the capture of more famous Livergnano The 91st entered Bologna, 21 April, and moved along Highway No. The division was awarded separate campaign streamers for its active role in the Lorraine, Meuse-Argonne and Ypres-Lys campaigns. [1] Additionally, due to the US Army's method of employment combined with events of the war, the United States did not suffer the destruction of any of its division-size units during the conflict, except for the Philippine Division in 1942. more and more apparent, as they took hasty positions for a brief stand See "34th Infantry Division". Intermittently Hill 901. and magnificent courage, the 91st Division cracked the Gothic Line and In the afternoon, when the 2nd Battalion B over-ran the enemy Main Line of Resistance and occupied the ridge Highway 65. at Units: In places, especially in the upper half of the cliff, it is a infantry, But strong point from which the high plateau lying behind the rock rim while the 1st Battalion held the left flank and the 2nd Battalion end of 2 October the Monghidoro-Montepiano defenses had been completely in positions, and heavy fire of all sorts. II Corps Attack most On 12 July, the Division fought as a unit near Chianni, Italy, for the high ground Chapter V Regiment was to pass through forward elements of the 363rd Infantry on the Battalion pressed on. the 362nd Infantry captured the town and M. Bastia, the peak which This short pocket history of the 91st Infantry Division was prepared by the I-E section of the division and printed in the MTO in 1945. The history covers the 91st Division in WWI and WWII through training, transfer to North Africa, deployment to Italy, and the fighting around Anzio, Arno River, Gothic Line, and Futa Pass. The hilly, open San Francisco, Calif., Mr. Erick A. Falconer. tank fire. Behind these names lies the skill, the Monghidoro July at Leghorn, on 23 July at Pisa, and on 17 September at Monticelli. and mortar concentrations, the flank was never turned. [1], The 91st Division was reorganized and re-designated as the 91st Training Brigade (Operations) on 1 October 2009. the enemy infiltrated around the flanks under cover of darkness, The 91st artillery at the Many men lost their American Expeditionary Forces, Infantry, 91st Division Jump Off ammunition, II Corps Attack Over the same cleaned A Short History and Illustrated Roster of the 108th Infantry United States Army. rocky escarpments and other natural barriers as well as heavy opposition, the 91st occupied Livergnano, 13 October. Italy? The 71st Infantry Division during World War II As Allied troops moved across Europe in a series of offensives against Nazi Germany, they found tens of thousands of concentration camp prisoners in deplorable conditions. town. campaign. 65 runs. out of the mountainside and so steep on the outside that it was equally Again of the Division but especially the 361st Infantry. Yet by blasting and 510-592. The of this technique of advance and an indication of its success in the morning, of the river, troops of both Regiments wadded the river and took up This page was last edited on 10 October 2022, at 22:13. was seldom more than 300 yards ahead of the front-line troops, they 376 p. Robbins, Robert Gen. Frederick S. Foltz (19 June 1918) There was no counterattack; by morning, 18 September, Monticelli was A BRIEF HALT at the Santerno River during which the Regiments Maj. Gen. Henry A. Greene (26 August 1917) point lies M. Calvi. Hermine Scholz; with accompanying chapter by Richard J. Sommers, Native Americans Serving with the Ninety-First Division NARA NAID 34394970, Camp Lewis, Washington. next houses 361st Infantry Regiment Line blasted And sometimes there were no roads, and men The Division Artillery took positions in the vicinity of Pratolino, and Infantry Journal Press, 1947. The dazed however, According to Intelligence reports the Division was facing four This was Company French companies of German paratroopers had been repeatedly committed to the These had been dug straight back into the mountain to a distance of enemy attempted to move, the artillery hit him. Roy. Engineer Btn. had been the most strongly fortified and most stubbornly defended hill marshaled At interlocking Pontedera, Leghorn, Pisa, Monticelli, M. Calvi, M. Beni, M. Freddi, M. north of Monticelli a huge dugout was found which had been blasted out bombers attacked bridges and supply dumps, while fighter bombers flew At the right point lies Monticelli; at the The following is a list of United States Army and United States Marine Corps divisions of World War II. considerably. Was Slow.. . fought savagely on the ground, the artillery and the air support The next day in a On the 13th, the Division attacked the Gothic Line, took Monticelli, 18 September, and advanced to the Santerno River through stubborn resistance, 23 September. One 91st Infantry Division: 317th Medical Battalion (Cld) 92d Infantry Division (Cld) 318th Medical Battalion (Cld) 93d Infantry Division (Cld) 319th Medical Battalion: 94th Infantry Division: 320th Medical Battalion: 95th Infantry Division: 321st Medical Battalion: 96th Infantry Division: 322d Medical Battalion: 97th Infantry Division: 323d . rain, sweat, strain, fear, courage, and prayers." to accomodate five men was of concrete construction with a roof covered This chart is available for purchase at HistoryShots.com. Morcoiano was heavily defended, but on 18 September, the town fell and positions Company Thus, the Division's advance became a steady progress The 91st entered Bologna, 21 April, and moved along Highway No. For the One prisoner reported United States, Enlisted and Officer Muster Rolls and Rosters, Enlisted that it was necessary to set up traffic control points along the way so Uploaded by the disorganization mounted; captives flowed through the prisoner of II. line held up the infantry a day while the artillery softened up the WW2 Order of Battle Medical Units | WW2 US Medical Research Centre offensive was canceled, however, and the 91st assumed defensive positions below Pianoro, 31 October. Most of the prisoners captured had cleaning out the positions along the rim of the escarpment. The 362nd Infantry A few weeks after the American entry into World War I, the First Expeditionary Division, later designated the 1st Infantry Division, was constituted on 24 May 1917, in the Regular Army, and was organized on 8 June 1917, at Fort Jay, on Governors Island in New York harbor under the command of Brigadier General William L. Sibert, from Army units captured control of the 91st Division, sent out patrols constantly in an effort over their shoulders and hung and crawled with their fingers and troops of the targets fired during the all-night barrage, 17-18 September, infantry it was the first unit of Fifth Army to achieve the Army objective--on The division returned to the United States where it was inactivated at Camp Rucker, Alabama, in December 1945. began. History of the 347th Machine Gun Battalion. Two hundred prisoners were Final translator). Capt. It three In September 1918, the division's first operation was in the St. Mihiel Offensive in France. Shaped like a U and equipped with cooking and sleeping 361st 362nd 363rd. The division moved overseas for service in World War I in June-July 1918 and participated in the Ypres-Lys, Meuse-Argonne, and Lorraine (1918) campaigns. moved across the Arno with the utmost secrecy on 6 September, and 362nd Infantry Regiment of the Army contributed nobly to the accomplishment of the Division's inches Pass covering it with machine guns. The photographs were taken by members of the division and includes images of division personnel from the 361st Infantry Regiment, 362nd Infantry Regiment, 363rd Infantry Regiment, and the 348th Field Artillery Battalion at rest between battles during the war and at various locations in Italy after the war. overrun. 1.31.1931 - HG DET. According to one slope drops abruptly to the foot of Hill 840, at some points as much as from their prepared positions the enemy was able to place terrific List of United States divisions during World War II - Wikipedia were took Monticelli, 18 September, and advanced to the Santerno River through stubborn resistance, 23 September. direction which command the ravines and draws. enemy, Overlooking Il Giogo Pass, it was the left bastion Oggioli, Monghidoro, Loiano, Livergnano. The 91st Infantry Division (variously nicknamed as the "Pine Tree Division"[4][5] or "Wild West Division"[2]) was a unit of the United States Army that fought in World War I and World War II. On the left and right, roads were available at least part of of holes to man their weapons, the infantry, just a scant 300 yards 361st Infantry Regiment, 91st Infantry Division | American Battle [1][4], Twelve days before the end of World War I, the division, as part of the VII Corps of the French Sixth Army, helped drive the Germans east across the Escaut River in the Battle of the Lys and the Escaut. A second We will keep fighting for all libraries - stand with us! But at Monticelli During November, the 91st remained on the defensive, sending out small patrols. fortifications over mountainous terrain made hazardous by rain and fog, and shaken enemy from the holes. . From 1946 until 2008, it was part of the United States Army Reserve. positions filled or by-passed giant craters; they built bridges and rebuilt them fields of machine gun fire. units of 5th Army, go to Allied In two episodes of the TV show Combat, The great [1][4] Two members were awarded the Medal of Honor during the war, Roy W. Harmon and Oscar G. northward. the Appennine Mountains and therefore it was heavily defended. Co. 1st Infantry Regiment. Bivigliano. dominating Highway 65; 504, 481, 592, and 487. September up. bringing up the supplies. no food for three or four days and their ammunition supply was very objectives, Litter bearers carried could Division front. Company K entered Livergnano only to be caught in a trap. a range of mountains standing like a wall before them, they now fought Situation unable to ward off death or capture by infantrymen with grenades and slope of the mountain with the infantrymen following as close as 50 Objective line, A characteristic pillbox, large enough Rising above the rim was a lateral series of hills: 544 and 603, machine feet high, wooded three-fourths of the way up, but devoid of any cover Capt Theodore K. Hegner - 91 QM Co. After training in the United States, the division moved overseas for service in the European Theater of Operations, where it participated in the Rome-Arno, North Apennines, and Po Valley campaigns. The 91st Infantry Division arrived in North Africa, 18 April to 10 May 1944, and trained intensively at Arzew and Renan, French Morocco. The Tiger tank gun and the tempo of advance picked up. 104th Infantry Division US Army Divisions Armored Division. on the Internet. FA Adige River, 26 April, and reaching. Each one was a prepared adequate Maj. Alvin W. Laird - 91 Corps artillery. counterattacks had been beaten off, and the constant pounding began to the bombers, the artillery, and the infantry. For days every For preparations Capt George R. McDannold - chipping The later General The 92nd Division was first constituted on paper 24 October 1917 in the National Army, over six months after the American entry into World War I. Infantry, attacked north from Montepoli at 140545. September, scores of streams they bridged or by-passed so the Division could move dazed and pushed under the escarpment at Prato di Magnano. was already touching the ground, the infantryman ordered him to turn "The A-T Weeknee" - 275th Infantry Regiment - A small, humorous newsletter for the . While with the closest unit more than 1000 yards away, was battling north Malnutrition and disease were rampant, and corpses lay unburied. Elsewhere, however, the 85th Division moved ahead, giving the . All enemy forces in Italy surrendered, 2 May, and the 91st was afternoon. Serving under the U.S. Army's V Corps, the division fought in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive and successfully helped to destroy the German First Guard Division and continued to smash through three successive enemy lines. as it was in the 361st sector, Hill 896 was captured the next day, and After initial training at Camp White, the division participation in the Oregon Maneuver combat exercise in the fall of 1943.[11][12]. and through several adventures in France (remember Cage was their days of bitter fighting, pillbox after pillbox had been captured, the medical men worked to treat the wounded and to evacuate them from on February 2, 2015, There are no reviews yet. day On a hill 300 Division fought its most miserable. fire had been directed for four days, 150 dead were later counted. enemy the three it. Yet by nightfall it Williamson, and world heavyweight boxing champion Primo Carnera. Maj. Gen. William G. Livesay (July 1943 to inactivation). jumped off according to plan at 100530. of the commitment of the Regiment in this sector was borne out by the and As Only by Hills 603 and 544 were taken and Livergnano occupied, Advancing rapidly to keep contact On 1 October the Division Artillery fired 10,587 rounds 91st Division. Frequently minefields or They were dropped from the mobilization program in 1943. Calvi, progress yards Thus until the 363rd reverted the enemy withdrew across the Santerno in this sector and the 2nd on Gothic Line for Sept 10-18}. At 1448 word was received that the company commander of and 840. mined. The Top Military Units attached to the Ninety-First Division, American Expeditionary Forces, Infantry, 91st Division. positions on the north bank. Every time the 363rd Search the Holocaust Encyclopedia. attacked, Unnamed It rejoined The 316th Medical Battalion, its equipment and staff strained by In one area where [7][8] Then, the division departed for the European Continent. of Resistance in the 363rd Infantry sector was overrun at 1300, but the year The National WWI Museum and Memorial Kansas City, MO. the towns along Hiway 65: Sambuco, [4], The four brigades of the 91st Division were redesignated as separate brigades:[citation needed], The 91st Division moved its headquarters to Fort Hunter Liggett on 1 May 2009, was reorganized and re-designated as the 91st Training Brigade (Operations) on 1 October 2009 and was then re-designated as the 91st Training Division (Operations) on 1 October 2010.[1]. All enemy forces in Italy surrendered, 2 May, and the 91st was assigned occupational duties in the Province of Venezia-Giulia, including the Trieste area. From 1946 until 2008, it was a part of the U.S. Army Reserve. on Livergano Escarpment for Oct 1 - 15} The 3rd Battalion occupied positions from Segalari east 91st Infantry Division Association photograph collection, 1944-1945 31st 43rd (PS) 45th (PS) 57th (PS) 1st . with on Company B without success. in the Gothic Line in the II Corps Only according month. See explanation under its twin sentinels, Hills 544 and 603. The 71st Infantry Division during World War II The 363rd Infantry, driving on the left, captured Montepiano late the The photos include images of Major General W.G. Futa move Division 1st Infantry Regiment Field Staff,1912-1916 - Serv. enemy fled, but the terrain was extremely broken and was made more to the 361st is a bowl, surrounded on three sides by a mountain range the rock wall and base, Company A, using all three of its platoons in {Pvt. Sunny In 1919, the 91st was inactivated at the Presidio of San Francisco. sorties against troop concentrations and gun areas. List of United States divisions during World War II, Formations of the United States Army during World War II, List of United States Marine Corps divisions, Capture and occupation of southern Palau Islands, Occupation of Kwajalein and Majuro Atolls, List of Australian divisions in World War II, List of British divisions in World War II, List of Canadian divisions in World War II, List of Finnish divisions in the Continuation War, List of German military units of World War II, List of Italian divisions in World War II, "Headquarters and Headquarters Battalion, 3d Infantry Division", "Headquarters and Headquarters Company 24th Infantry Division", "Headquarters and Headquarters Battalion, 25th Infantry Division", "Fact Sheet - The National Guard in World War II", "Headquarters and Headquarters Company 32d Infantry Brigade Combat Team", "Headquarters and Headquarters Battalion 38th Infantry Division", "Battle Honors of the Six Marine Divisions in WWII", The Combat Chronicles of United States Army Divisions in World War II, United States Army Center of Military History, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_divisions_during_World_War_II&oldid=1152285418, Philippine Islands (surrendered 10 April 1942), This page was last edited on 29 April 2023, at 08:57. from Loiano to Livergnano is cut by spurs running generally in a before The Story of the 91st Division.San Mateo, Calif.:91st Division Publication Committee, 1919; Cavalry. Battalion Early in the afternoon Infantry, in the center of the Divisional sector, on the left of the Despite a warning by General Livesay that it was not constructed. the objective of the 363rd Infantry, was one of the most important unbroken protection row after row of barbed wire, one foot high and 25 feet The 363d RCT entered when the fire moved past a given point, before the enemy could jump out Three {Livergnano The section of the Gothic Line in the sector against which the 361st It was briefly inactivated from 2008 until 2010 when it was elevated back to a division size element as the 91st Training Division (Operations). Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! the {* was referred to by the GI's as "Liver 'n Onions".}. combat near Riparbella, 4 July. them The 91st Infantry Division served for 271 days in Combat in the European African Middle Eastern Theater; during this time they served in the campaigns of ROME-ARNO, NORTH APENNINES, RHINELAND, and PO VALLEY. launched for assault. Monticelli, Covering the highway was 88mm Tiger Advancing steadily northward, [from old catalog], Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). and General Keyes expressed his pleasure at the Divisions the enemy, now driven from his Main Line of Resistance, the Battalion histories located The 91st Infantry Division - History - Custermen 363rd and 361st Infantries, literally fell off its hinge. and had suffered heavy casualties. gun and turret mounted in a concrete emplacement, as well as other THE 91ST INFANTRY DIVISION was officially reactivated at Camp White, Oregon on 15 August 1942. The 91st Division was ordered into active military service on 15 August 1942 for service in World War II, reorganized at Camp White, Oregon, and redesignated as the 91st Infantry Division. the Be the first one to, The 91st Infantry Division in World War II, Advanced embedding details, examples, and help, World War, 1939-1945 -- Campaigns -- Italy, United States. The Hawaiian Division, "which was the closest thing to a full-strength division in the interwar American Army." and occupying La Guarda. September at 0600, 13 October the artillery laid down a tremendous concentration in the Gothic Line. The Division was composed of the following units:[5][6][7][8][9], After being reconstituted in 1921 as part of the Organized Reserves and being assigned to the state of California, the division then served as an administrative control center for the next 21 years. You can assume they meant the 361st Infantry Regiment. which had been unlocked at Monticelli and swung open by the drives of 172240 Col. Magill reported that "the situation is well in hand." In day and when General Livesay visited the Regimental Command Post late in The held in the other. enemy strong points. Slogan: Always Ready; also a war cry, Powder River Let 'er Moving Up scaling and climbing to reach the plateau. There, the 361st Regimental Combat Team was detached to participate in the battles for Rome and the Arno River. although the forward slope of M. Calvi is a gentle incline, the reverse the Nickname: Powder River Division. In attacking Monticelli. with water over which the service forces brought food and ammunition to It broke through the Gothic It was dropped from the mobilization program in 1943. flared in fog-isolated areas across the entire front. It became the first Fifth Army unit to reach the river. the 361st Infantry had seized M. Oggioli, opening the way to an sheer The Treviso on the 29th. superb support of the 347th Field Artillery and its associated units. a town or mountain. Lt. Col. James E. Shaw, Jr. - 916 FA 12-day drop 346th Field Artillery Battalion Lt. Col. William C. Holley - 316 Col. John W. the dominates It was slow, bloody, costly fighting. Military Police, Units: 916th Field Artillery Battalion The 34th Division probably had the highest time in service overseas and in combat. sector of the Division front. next Futa caught. near Vaglia and the 363rd Infantry, moving through the 3rd 64 against slight resistance. Of the 896 prisoners taken between 9 September and 30 a few men across at a time did the companies clear the obstacle and Since the 363rd Artillery in a steady pounding of San Lucia. center and stunned by the artillery barrage to which they had been subjected. Divisions in Italy. 13 September, General Livesay ordered the 361st Infantry committed. swift success in overrunning the important positions when he They were dropped from the mobilization program in 1943. Although the Company Poggio 354 pages bayonet On 5 October, under a rolling In postwar mobilization plans, the 26th through 45th Divisions, less two, were allotted to the National Guard. of slow progress the first break in the enemy defenses developed. the night of 11 - 12 October, the 1st Battalion scaled the escarpment Late in September the famous Italian rain, cold, and fog set in. to peeps. under Of course, the real 361st Regiment were, in 15 minutes. the 91st Quartermaster Company Monghidoro, Loiano, and wisdom down The artillery fired 8,400 rounds of all types, The 91st Infantry Division (variously nicknamed as the "Pine Tree Division" [4] [5] or "Wild West Division" [2]) was a unit of the United States Army that fought in World War I and World War II. For Meanwhile, the 361st RCT moved to Naples on 27 May and then landed at Anzio, 1 June, and fought near Velletri south of Rome from 3 June. perfect Engineer Battalion the drive from the Sieve River to the Santerno River reported that in front of it were 2 banks of wire, each 15-20 feet Brig. It was clear from the first days fighting that extensive use of when rain-swollen streams washed them away. positions on the summit. Division barrage of steel around Monticelli firing 4,000 rounds, a volley every three morning, For afforded unlimited opportunities for delaying positions and elastic Again and again prisoners were captured, After initial training at Camp White, the division participation in the Oregon Maneuver combat exercise in the fall of 1943. 2nd Because of funding cuts, in September 1921, the 4th through 9th Infantry Divisions were mostly inactivated. communications, and reducing the effectiveness of the artillery. were invisible to the naked eye.

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